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At the end of the 4th century, a woman named Etheria made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Her journal gives a glimpse of liturgical life there. Among the celebrations she describes is the Epiphany, the observance of Christ’s birth, and the gala procession in honour of his Presentation in the Temple 40 days later. Under the Mosaic Law, a woman was ritually ‘unclean’ for 40 days after childbirth, when she was to present herself to the priests and offer a sacrifice - her ‘purification.’ Any contact with anyone who had brushed against a mystery - birth or death - excluded a person from Jewish worship.
This feast emphasizes Jesus’ very first appearance in the Temple much more than Mary’s purification.
This observance spread throughout the Church in the West in the 5th and 6th centuries.
Because the Church in the West celebrated Jesus’ birth on December 25th, the Presentation was moved to February 2nd, 40 days after Christmas.
At the beginning of the 8th century, Pope Sergius inaugurated a candlelight procession; at the end of the same century the blessing and distribution of candles, which continues to this day, became part of the celebration, giving the feast its more popular name: Candlemas.